Political Structure in Romania: An Overview
Romania is a country located in the southeast of Europe. After decades of communist rule, Romania transitioned to a democratic structure, which is still evolving. The political structure of the country is in a continuous process of refinement to ensure the country’s forward march towards a more stable, democratic governance system.
In Romania, the government is divided into three main branches: the executive, the legislative, and the judiciary. The President of Romania, who is elected for a five-year term, is the head of the executive branch, while the legislative branch consists of the bicameral parliament. The judiciary is comprised of courts of appeal, regional courts, and the supreme court.
One of the key factors of the political structure is that political parties are registered organizations that play a decisive role in Romanian politics. These political parties have a strong influence on the country’s political landscape.
Now, let us take a deeper look into the political structures in Romania.
The Executive Branch
The executive branch of the Romanian government is headed by the President and the Prime Minister, with the Vice Prime Ministers and the cabinet serving as the subordinates. The President has limited powers, compared to the Prime Minister. However, the President still plays a significant role in the political structure of the country.
The role of the President consists of ensuring that the constitution of the country is respected and that the laws are applied. Additionally, the President is responsible for conducting and implementing the country’s foreign policy with the help of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
The Prime Minister is the head of the government and is responsible for approving and implementing the country’s laws and policies. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President after a nomination from the majority party in the parliament.
The legislative branch
The parliament in Romania is bicameral, with a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies. The chamber of Deputies is composed of 329 members, while the senate has 136 members. Parliamentary elections are conducted every four years.
The role of the parliament is to adopt laws and regulations, supervise the work of the government, approve the national budget, and endorse presidential nominations for positions in the judiciary and the executive branches.
The Judiciary branch
The judiciary is an independent branch in Romania’s government. It comprises courts of appeal, regional courts, and the supreme court. Judges in Romania are selected and trained by the magistracy, the Professional Association of Romanians on legal matters.
The supreme court is responsible for interpreting and applying the laws established by the parliament.
Political parties in Romania
Political parties play an integral role in Romania’s political structure. There are several political parties in the country with varying ideologies, such as left-wing, right-wing, and centrist.
The political parties in Romania are:
1. Romanian Social Democratic Party
2. National Liberal Party
3. Save Romania Union
4. People’s Movement Party
5. Alliance of Liberals and Democrats
FAQs
Q. What is the role of the President in Romania’s government?
A. The role of the President is to ensure that the constitution of the country is respected, the laws are applied, and conduct and implement the country’s foreign policy in collaboration with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Q. What is the parliamentary system in Romania?
A. The parliament in Romania has two chambers, a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies, with parliamentary elections conducted every four years.
Q. Who is the head of the Executive Branch in Romania?
A. The president and the prime minister are the heads of the Executive Branch in Romania.
Q. How many political parties are in Romania?
A. There are several political parties with varying ideologies in Romania. The five major political parties are the Romanian Social Democratic Party, National Liberal Party, Save Romania Union, People’s Movement Party, and Alliance of Liberals and Democrats.
Q. Is the judiciary system in Romania independent?
A. Yes, the judiciary system in Romania is independent, and it comprises the courts of appeal, regional courts, and the supreme court.