Your Guide to the Green Card Application Process
The United States of America has always been a dreamland for many people across the world. Each year, a significant number of individuals aspire to migrate to the land of the free and the home of the brave. If you are one of them, getting a Green Card is the first step towards realizing your dream.
A Green Card, also known as a permanent resident card, gives you the right to live and work permanently in the United States. While the process of getting a Green Card may appear to be daunting, it can be a smooth sailing experience if you are well-informed and adequately prepared.
To help you through the process, below is your comprehensive guide to the Green Card application process.
Eligibility
Before you start the Green Card application process, it’s essential to ensure that you meet the eligibility criteria. There are various ways through which you can become eligible for a Green Card, including:
- Employment
- Family sponsorship
- Refugee or asylee status
- Diversity Immigrant Visa Program (DV-2022)
Employment
If you are eligible for an employment-based Green Card, you must have a job offer from a U.S. employer. There are five different categories of employment-based Green Cards:
- EB-1: Priority Workers
- EB-2: Professionals with Advanced Degrees or Exceptional Ability
- EB-3: Skilled Workers, Professionals, and Unskilled Workers (Other Workers)
- EB-4: Special Immigrants
- EB-5: Immigrant Investors
Family sponsorship
If you have a close relative who is a U.S. citizen or a Green Card holder, they can sponsor you for a Green Card. The sponsoring relative must file a petition on your behalf with the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
Refugee or asylee status
If you have been granted refugee or asylee status in the United States, you can apply for a Green Card after one year of being admitted into the country.
Diversity Immigrant Visa Program (DV-2022)
The Diversity Immigrant Visa Program, also known as the Green Card Lottery, is a random selection process that gives individuals from countries with low rates of immigration to the United States a chance to apply for a Green Card.
The Application Process
Once you have determined that you are eligible for a Green Card, the next step is to apply. The application process can vary depending on the category through which you are applying for a Green Card. However, the general steps are as follows:
Step 1: File a petition
If you are applying for a Green Card through employment or family sponsorship, your sponsor must file a petition on your behalf with the USCIS.
Step 2: Wait for approval
Once your petition is filed, you will have to wait for it to be approved before you can proceed with your Green Card application.
Step 3: Complete the application form
After your petition is approved, you will need to complete and submit the application form. The application form is called Form I-485, Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status.
Step 4: Attend a biometric appointment
Once your application is submitted, you will have to attend a biometric appointment. At the appointment, your fingerprints, photograph, and signature will be taken.
Step 5: Attend an interview
If necessary, you will be required to attend an interview with a USCIS officer. During the interview, you will be asked about your application and may be asked to provide additional documents.
Step 6: Receive a decision
After attending the interview, you will receive a decision on your Green Card application. If approved, you will receive your Green Card by mail.
FAQs
What is the current fee for a Green Card application?
The fee for a Green Card application varies depending on the category through which you are applying. As of 2021, the fee for the I-485 application form is $1,225 for most applicants.
How long does it take for a Green Card application to be processed?
The processing time for a Green Card application can vary depending on the category through which you are applying and the backlog of applications. As of 2021, the average processing time for the I-485 application form is between 10-14 months.
Can I work while my Green Card application is being processed?
If you are eligible for a work permit, you can apply for one while your Green Card application is being processed.
Can I travel outside the United States while my Green Card application is being processed?
If you leave the United States while your Green Card application is being processed, your application may be deemed abandoned. To avoid this, you will need to apply for a travel document called Advance Parole.
Can I apply for a Green Card if I am in the United States illegally?
If you are in the United States illegally, you may be subject to deportation proceedings. However, in some cases, you may be eligible to apply for a Green Card through certain immigration programs. It’s important to consult with an immigration attorney to explore your options.
What should I do if my Green Card application is denied?
If your Green Card application is denied, you may be able to file an appeal or a motion to reopen or reconsider. It’s important to consult with an immigration attorney to explore your options.
Do I need an immigration attorney to help me with my Green Card application?
While it’s not required, having an immigration attorney can help ensure that your Green Card application process goes as smoothly as possible. An immigration attorney can also help you explore your options if your application is denied.